الوحدات الاساسية

    Phytopathology, also called plant pathology, is the science that studies plant diseases, especially those that affect crops and cultivated species. It focuses on understanding what causes these diseases, how they develop inside the plant, and how we can manage them in a sustainable way.

    This discipline connects fundamental plant biology with practical agriculture. It helps us explore what happens in plant cells and tissues when a plant is attacked by a pathogen, such as fungi, bacteria, viruses, or when it faces harmful environmental conditions. These attacks can trigger visible and invisible changes that may weaken the plant, reduce its productivity, damage specific organs, or even lead to the death of the whole plant.

    Through phytopathology, students learn how plant diseases arise, how they spread, and how they can be prevented to protect food production and ecosystems.